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Are
you confused about web page design and don't
know where to start? Feel free to learn HTML
and how to design your very own web site by
using our FREE Online HTML Tutorial.
HTML Tutorial Part 8:
Clean HTML Code, Comments, and Escape Codes
Clean HTML Code...
Clean code means that your HTML coding follows all
specifications. Here are a few ways to keep your
code clean:
- Don't type special characters into your
code, instead type their escape code...
many characters should NEVER be typed directly
into HTML code... for example the "<",
">", the "©", "&",
and the " itself. Instead, type &escape_code;
(Ampersand, Escape Code for Character, then
a semicolon). For these 5 characters, here are
the escape codes...
- For the < type <
- For the > type >
- For the © type ©
- For the & type &
- For the " type "
- Use quotes around values in attributes...
For example, if you want a horizontal rule that
is half of the screen width, type <hr
width="50%"> rather than <hr
width=50%>, or if you want one that
is size 5 type <hr size="5">
rather than <hr size=5>.
- Don't overlap tags... Overlapping occurs
when Tag A starts, Tag B starts,
Tag A closes, then Tag B closes.
This will cause errors in sensitive browsers.
For Example, it will not render correctly in
Navigator 4.0 Beta1, Netscape purposefully built
into the browser so developers could catch errors.
Examples:
- Wrong Way (Overlaps):
<font size=+1><b>This
is Bold and One Font Size Bigger</font></b>
Right Way (Doesn't Overlap):
<font size=+1><b>This
is Bold and One Font Size Bigger</b></font>
- Wrong Way (Overlaps):
<a href="here.html"><i>This
link is italicized</a></i>
Right Way (Doesn't Overlap):
<a href="here.html"><i>This
link is italicized</i></a>
The Comment Tag...
If you are writing an HTML document, sometimes you
may want to put little reminders to yourself with
your code so that you will be able to interpret
your coding better. A comment will not appear in
a web browser when the page is displayed... it is
only visible when the source code is viewed. You
start commented text with <!--
and end it with -->.
Your own HTML page...
Add the following to your HTML page ("Home.htm"):
(the blue text is what to add)
<html>
<head><title>My Home Page</title></head>
<!--
The body starts here - and a background image is
loaded -->
<body background="bgnd.gif">
<!--
This is a heading, in blue -->
<center><font color="Blue"><h1>YOURNAME's
Home Page</h1></font></center>
<!--
This is a horizontal line -->
<hr>
<!--
My name and the two images are all part of a link
- which is a "mailto" link -->
This is the home page of <a href="mailto:YOUR
EMAIL ADDRESS"><img src="bullet.gif" border=0><b>YOURNAME</b>.<img
src="bullet.gif" border=0></a>
<p>Type something about yourself here. Describe
briefly who you are and what you do for a living.
Remember to use bold and italic text, for emphasis.</p>
<hr>
<h2>My favourite Web Sites</h2>
<br>
<!--
This list is an unordered list -->
<ul>
<li> <a href="http://www.xencon.com">Xenon
Web Design</a> </li>
<li> <a href="http://www.microsoft.com">Microsoft</a>
</li>
<li> <a href="http://www.sybase.com">Sybase</a>
</li>
<li> <a href="http://www.sybase.co.za">Sybase
South Africa</a> </li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
Save the text file as "Home.htm".
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